Decadal Results from the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) ProgramFrederick E. Nelson and Nikolay I. Shiklomanov Abstract The Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program was established
in the early 1990s to observe temporal and spatial variability of
active layer thickness, active layer dynamics, near-surface permafrost
parameters, and the response of these factors to changes and variations
in climatic conditions. The CALM network involves 15 participating
countries and is comprised of 168 sites distributed throughout the
Arctic, parts of Antarctica, and several mountain ranges of the
mid-latitudes. Groups of sites are used to create regional maps
of active layer thickness. Data obtained from the network are used
to validate permafrost, hydrological, ecological, and climatic models
at a variety of geographic scales. Several sites have records of
frost heave and thaw subsidence that are contributing to a reconceptualization
of the role of the active layer in global-change studies. |
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